gaokao-volunteer-system/data/crowd_db/special_programs.json

{
  "programs": [
    {
      "program_type": "rural_medical",
      "program_name": "农村订单定向免费医学生",
      "batch": "提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "湖南",
        "河南",
        "山东",
        "四川",
        "广东",
        "河北",
        "湖北",
        "安徽",
        "江西",
        "广西",
        "贵州",
        "云南",
        "甘肃",
        "新疆"
      ],
      "description": "卫健委专门培养乡镇卫生院医生、全科医生，毕业直接进基层卫生院事业编。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "学费减免，部分省份全包学费+生活费",
        "employment": "毕业直接分配到乡镇卫生院/社区卫生服务中心，事业编制",
        "service_years": 6,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规政审",
        "physical_check": "常规体检，视力/身高无严苛要求"
      },
      "applicable_to": "本省农村户籍优先，大部分省份要求农村连续3年以上户籍；分数在本科线附近",
      "warnings": [
        "服务期满6年后可调动",
        "需要回户籍地基层服务"
      ],
      "source": "教育部/卫健委/各省教育考试院",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "public_agriculture",
      "program_name": "公费农科生",
      "batch": "提前批/本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "山东",
        "湖南",
        "四川",
        "河南",
        "安徽",
        "江西"
      ],
      "description": "省属农业类公办本科院校定向培养，毕业直接事业编，分配乡镇农业农村局/农技站。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "学费全免+住宿费全免+生活补贴",
        "employment": "毕业直接事业编入职乡镇农业农村局、农技站、畜牧站",
        "service_years": 5,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "简单政审",
        "physical_check": "常规高考体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "本省户籍考生，分数在本科线附近，部分省份低于一本线50-100分",
      "warnings": [
        "要求毕业后回户籍所在市县乡镇工作5年",
        "95%家长不知道此路径"
      ],
      "source": "各省农业农村厅/教育考试院",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "fire_rescue",
      "program_name": "公费消防员/应急管理定向生",
      "batch": "提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "国家应急管理部直属院校（中国消防救援学院）定向招生，正式行政编制。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公费培养",
        "employment": "毕业直接分配进入国家消防救援大队、应急管理局，正式编制",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规政审，无严重违法即可",
        "physical_check": "体测比警校宽松，允许矫正视力，近视可报"
      },
      "applicable_to": "全国考生，本科批次和专科批次都有，比公安警校低50-120分",
      "warnings": [
        "体测简单淘汰率低",
        "家长认知盲区导致报考人数极少"
      ],
      "source": "应急管理部/中国消防救援学院",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "railway_directed",
      "program_name": "铁路系统定向公费生",
      "batch": "专科提前批/本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "各大铁路局、中铁集团定向培养，毕业直接进铁路局正式编制，国企铁饭碗。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "毕业直接分配全国各大铁路局，国企正式职工",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "全国考生，本科400-460分，专科200-350分",
      "warnings": [
        "铁路岗位每年缺口巨大",
        "常年招不满"
      ],
      "source": "各省铁道职业技术学院/铁路公办本科",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "judicial_directed",
      "program_name": "司法系统定向生/社区矫正/基层政法专项",
      "batch": "提前批/本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "基层司法所、社区矫正中心定向招录，司法厅直管，正式编制。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "毕业定向分配乡镇司法所，基层政法岗位",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "基本无严苛体测，不卡身高视力"
      },
      "applicable_to": "分数中等偏低，想进政法体系，身体条件达不到警校标准",
      "warnings": [
        "低配版警校",
        "不用公安联考"
      ],
      "source": "各省司法厅/基层司法局",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "military_nco",
      "program_name": "定向培养军士（士官）",
      "batch": "专科提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "依托普通高等学校为军队培养储备军士，毕业直接补充到部队专业技术军士岗位。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费，入学即享军龄",
        "employment": "毕业直接进入部队服役，军士待遇",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "政治考核+体格检查",
        "physical_check": "军队体检标准，比军校略宽"
      },
      "applicable_to": "全国31省考生，专科线即可，分数380-450分段集中，男生为主（少量女生）",
      "warnings": [
        "48所院校遍布全国",
        "专科提前批填报",
        "毕业即服役"
      ],
      "source": "国防部征兵办公室/各省征兵办/教育考试院",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "public_teacher",
      "program_name": "公费师范生（部属+省属+优师计划）",
      "batch": "本科提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "教育部直属6所师范大学+各省属师范大学公费培养，毕业有编有岗。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "学费全免+住宿费全免+生活补贴",
        "employment": "毕业到协议确定的中小学任教，有编有岗",
        "service_years": 6,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "全国考生，部属师范需一本以上分数，省属师范分数更低",
      "warnings": [
        "须回生源省份任教",
        "服务期6年",
        "优师计划须到欠发达地区任教"
      ],
      "source": "教育部/各省教育厅",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "enterprise_order",
      "program_name": "央企/国企订单培养计划",
      "batch": "专科批/本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "邮政/电网/电信/交通/石油等央企国企与高职院校合作订单培养，毕业即就业。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "毕业按协议进入合作企业（国家电网/中国邮政/中国电信/中石化等）",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "全国考生，专科批分数即可（400分左右），部分订单班录取线超本科线",
      "warnings": [
        "入学即签就业协议",
        "岗位以一线技术/运维为主",
        "毕业不愁就业"
      ],
      "source": "各央企国企招聘平台/合作院校招生网",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "minority_prep",
      "program_name": "少数民族预科班/民族班",
      "batch": "本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "面向少数民族考生的预科培养计划，降分录取，先读1年预科再转入本科。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "正常本科毕业就业，无定向约束",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "少数民族考生，预科可降分20-80分录取，民族大学预科线更低",
      "warnings": [
        "仅限少数民族考生",
        "预科1年后转入正式本科"
      ],
      "source": "教育部/各省民族事务委员会",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "targeted_poverty",
      "program_name": "三大专项计划（国家专项/地方专项/高校专项）",
      "batch": "本科提前批/本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "面向农村/脱贫地区考生的专项招生计划，可降分进入985/211院校。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "正常本科毕业就业，无定向约束",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "农村户籍、脱贫地区考生，需满足户籍+学籍年限要求",
      "warnings": [
        "国家专项面向脱贫县",
        "地方专项面向农村户籍",
        "高校专项需提前单独报名"
      ],
      "source": "教育部/各省教育考试院",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "tibet_directed",
      "program_name": "非西藏生源定向西藏就业",
      "batch": "本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "非西藏生源定向西藏就业计划，降分录取，毕业须到西藏工作。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "毕业定向到西藏就业",
        "service_years": 5,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "非西藏生源考生，最低可降至调档线下40分录取",
      "warnings": [
        "须签定向就业协议",
        "毕业须到西藏工作至少5年",
        "不可转专业"
      ],
      "source": "教育部/西藏人社厅",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "strong_foundation",
      "program_name": "强基计划",
      "batch": "本科提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "教育部基础学科招生改革试点，39所重点大学面向基础学科拔尖学生单独招生。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "正常本科毕业就业或继续深造，无定向约束",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": true,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "高分考生（一本线以上80-150分），对基础学科有兴趣和天赋",
      "warnings": [
        "需参加学校单独校测",
        "聚焦数学/物理/化学/生物/历史/哲学/古文字等基础学科",
        "39所985院校"
      ],
      "source": "教育部/各强基计划高校",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "military_academy",
      "program_name": "军校（本科提前批）",
      "batch": "本科提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "军队院校招收普通高中毕业生，入学即入伍，享受军人待遇，毕业后授中尉军衔分配工作。涵盖国防科技大学、陆军工程大学、海军工程大学、空军工程大学、火箭军工程大学等43所军队院校。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "全免（国家承担）",
        "employment": "毕业分配至部队工作，有编制",
        "service_years": "军官服役年限按军衔条例执行",
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "需通过政治考核（政审）",
        "physical_check": "军检：体格检查+心理检测，视力裸眼≥4.5（部分专业≥4.8），身高男≥162cm女≥160cm"
      },
      "applicable_to": "年龄不超过20周岁（截止当年8月31日）、未婚、体检合格的考生",
      "warnings": [
        "必须通过政审和军检",
        "入学即入伍，享受军人待遇",
        "比同层次普通院校低30-80分",
        "毕业后必须服从部队分配"
      ],
      "source": "中央军委国防动员部/教育部/各军队院校招生简章",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "police_academy",
      "program_name": "公安院校（本科提前批）",
      "batch": "本科提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "公安院校公安专业招生，涵盖中国人民公安大学、中国刑事警察学院、中国人民警察大学、南京森林警察学院、云南警官学院等36所公安院校。毕业参加公安联考，入警率90%+。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费",
        "employment": "毕业参加公安联考，入警率90%+，正式编制",
        "service_years": "按公务员法执行",
        "exam_required": true,
        "exam_detail": "毕业参加全国公安机关人民警察考试（公安联考）",
        "politics_check": "需通过政治考察",
        "physical_check": "体检：视力裸眼≥4.8，色觉正常；体能测试：50米跑/立定跳远/1000米跑（男）800米跑（女）/引体向上（男）仰卧起坐（女）；身高男≥170cm女≥160cm"
      },
      "applicable_to": "年龄不超过22周岁、体检体能合格、政审通过的考生",
      "warnings": [
        "公安专业才能参加公安联考，非公安专业不能参加",
        "需通过体检+体能测试+面试+政审",
        "比同层次普通院校低20-60分",
        "入警率90%+是核心吸引力"
      ],
      "source": "公安部/教育部/各公安院校招生简章",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "navigation",
      "program_name": "航海类提前批",
      "batch": "本科提前批/专科提前批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "大连海事大学、武汉理工大学、上海海事大学等航海类专业在提前批招生，涵盖航海技术、轮机工程、船舶电子电气工程。毕业进入航运业，起薪较高但工作环境特殊（需长期海上作业）。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "公办正规学费（部分院校有航海类专项奖学金）",
        "employment": "毕业进入航运/海事/港口企业，就业率高",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "体检：视力裸眼≥4.7（航海技术）或≥4.6（轮机工程），色觉正常，身高男≥165cm女≥160cm"
      },
      "applicable_to": "体检合格的考生，男生为主（航海类专业有性别限制）",
      "warnings": [
        "航海类专业工作环境特殊，需长期海上作业",
        "体检要求严格（视力/色觉/身高）",
        "部分院校只招男生",
        "录取分数通常低于同校普通专业20-50分"
      ],
      "source": "交通运输部/各海事大学招生简章",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    },
    {
      "program_type": "sino_foreign",
      "program_name": "中外合作办学",
      "batch": "本科批",
      "applicable_provinces": [
        "全国"
      ],
      "description": "经教育部批准的中外合作办学项目和机构，如宁波诺丁汉大学、西交利物浦大学、上海纽约大学、昆山杜克大学等，以及各高校内设的中外合作专业（如北理工犹他学院、电子科大格拉斯哥学院等）。",
      "key_features": {
        "tuition": "学费较高：5-15万/年（独立法人院校），3-8万/年（非独立法人项目）",
        "employment": "毕业可获中外双学位，出国深造率高",
        "service_years": null,
        "exam_required": false,
        "politics_check": "常规",
        "physical_check": "常规体检"
      },
      "applicable_to": "家庭经济条件较好、有意出国深造或进入外企的考生",
      "warnings": [
        "学费远高于普通专业（5-15万/年）",
        "部分院校需提前申请或面试",
        "录取分数通常低于同校普通专业30-80分",
        "毕业可获得中外双学位，出国深造有优势",
        "务必确认项目是否经教育部批准（查涉外监管网）"
      ],
      "source": "教育部中外合作办学监管平台/各院校招生简章",
      "last_verified": "2025-06"
    }
  ],
  "program_schools": {
    "rural_medical": [
      {
        "school": "长沙医学院",
        "province": "湖南",
        "score_min": 444,
        "score_subject": "物理类",
        "major": "临床医学（定向）",
        "batch": "本科提前批"
      },
      {
        "school": "湘南学院",
        "province": "湖南",
        "score_min": 441,
        "score_subject": "物理类",
        "major": "临床医学（定向）",
        "batch": "本科提前批"
      },
      {
        "school": "南华大学",
        "province": "湖南",
        "score_min": 480,
        "score_subject": "物理类",
        "major": "预防医学（定向）",
        "batch": "本科提前批"
      },
      {
        "school": "河南科技大学",
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}